A Rich Performance Task modeled on the WebQuest format

Grade 6/7/8

Designed by Rodd Lucier
and Mike Taylor

r.lucier@ldcsb.on.ca
m.taylor@ldcsb.on.ca

 


| Pre-task Activities | Resources | Expectations |
| Exemplars & Sample Products | Community Involvement |

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Pre-task Activities

 

Suggested Time Allocation: 240 minutes
Class Arrangement: Individual components and Groups of 4 component


You can divide the task into a number of short sessions to allow for greater concentration and minimize pupil fatigue. Performance tasks of this type can use different time-table slots during the course of one week.

This performance task is to be completed by pupils both individually and as members of a group. It is to be done primarily in class time other than for the gathering of information or materials. There are a number of subtasks all related to the same concept(s) identified in the task. Some tasks are to be assessed in the four achievement chart categories. The assessment tasks are not recall “tests” and for that reason pupils are permitted to access their textbooks and other visual, pictorial or print forms of information you may provide or suggest.


Suggested Pre-Task Activities

Student achievement can be enhanced and student understanding of the concepts involved in this task, if students are engaged in the suggested preparatory activities as a lead up to the students doing the actual performance task. These are only suggestions and can be skipped if you think pupils are ready for the task without this practice. Or you can substitute an introductory activity of your own based on your knowledge of you students’ prior experiences.


Some suggested preparatory activities are:

1. To introduce the concepts and theme involved in the student tasks, use the student sheet: Student Preparatory Activities to Establish the Task Context. The images on the page and starter questions should help students begin to think about bullying.

2. Brainstorm with the whole class to make a list of things that they would call “bullying”. They will need this later when they are asked to define bullying, teasing, harassment, aggression and ostracizing.

3. Set up cooperative groups of four as reading groups to review, read, discuss and respond to the reading material selected for the performance task. There are individual tasks and 2 group tasks.

4. Take some time to show some good video-tape programs on bullying.

5. Review your school policy on bullying.

6. Be cautious of having students giving public accounts orally in class of a bullying incidents because there probably would be classmates in the class that might be involved in the incident and likely cause an undesirable exchange in the class or worse “after class”.


 

 

Resources Needed

 

The following resources should be prepared in advance of this task:

 

 

Expectations

 

In this performance task, the following expectations are addressed and or evaluated:

Religion Program

Grade 6
-Unit 2; Theme 4; Created in the Image of God; pg. 68.
-Unit 3; Theme 9; Love your neighbour; pg. 106.
-Unit 6; Themes 16,17,18; Love your enemies; pg. 172-193.

Grade 7

-Unit 1; Theme 1; Who Am I?; pg. 34.
-Unit 1; Theme 2; Am I normal? pg.. 60
-Unit 1; Theme 3; Do I belong?; pg. 70.
-Unit 4; Theme 3; Why do I need you?; pg. 168.
-Unit 6; Theme 2: What do I need to be happy?; pg.218.
-Unit 6; Theme 3; Is my way the best way?; pg. 224.
-Unit 10; Theme 2; What’s fair?; pg. 300.
-Unit 10; Theme 3; Does anyone really notice what I do?; pg. 308.

Grade 8
- Unit 1; Theme 2; Am I strong enough?; pg. 44.
- Unit 1; Theme 3; How do I know if I am on the right track?; pg. 52.
- Unit 2; Theme 3; What can I do when my life sems to be falling apart?;pg 90
- Unit 5; Theme 2; What’s right? What’s wrong?; pg. 152.
- Unit 5; Theme 4; Why should I confess my sins to anyone besidesGod?;pg. 170
- Unit 7; Theme 2; How can I make the world more peaceful?;pg. 218.
- Unit 7; Theme 3; Do I live justly?; pg. 230.

Family Life Program

Grade 6
-Theme 1; Topic 4; Life givers; pg. 18
-Theme 1; Topic 5; We can make a difference; pg. 23.
-Theme 2; Topic 1; Life lines; pg. 28
-Theme 2; Topic 3; Family Stress; pg. 35.
-Theme 2; Topic 6; Stress in Friendship; pg. 45.
-Theme 5; Topic 1; We live in the world; pg.. 83
-Theme 5; Topic 2; Our values; pg. 86.
-Theme 5; Topic 3; We influence the world; pg. 94

Grade 7
-Theme 1; Topic 2; Different people, different styles; pg. 8.
-Theme 2; Topic 3; Friendship; pg. 46.
-Theme 4; Topic 1; Growing up; pg. 98.
-Theme 4; Topic 2; Responsibility and Commitment; pg. 107.
-Theme 5; Topic 2; Belonging to the group; pg. 125

Grade 8
-Theme 1; Topic 3; The challenge of being human; pg. 22.
-Theme 2; Topic 2; The Family; pg. 37.
-Theme 2; Topic 3; Friends; pg. 49.
-Theme 4; Topic 2; A special kind of commitment; pg. 110.
-Theme 4; Topic 3; Handling stress; pg. 115.
-Theme 5; Topic 1; A common project; pg. 121.
-Theme 5; Topic 2; Some issues in Social Justice; pg. 126.
-Theme 5; Topic 3; Growing toward Social Justice; pg. 135.

 

Health and Physical Education

Healthy Living Strand – Personal Safety and Injury Prevention

 

Grade 6

  • Describe and respond appropriately to potentially violent situations relevant to themselves (e.g., threats, harassment, violence in the media);
Grade 7
  • Explain how harassment relates to personal safety;
  • Describe harassment and identify ways of dealing with it (e.g., by communicating feelings and reporting incidents);
  • Identify people and resources that can support someone experiencing harassment;
Grade 8
  • Analyze situations that are potentially dangerous to personal safety (e.g., gang violence, hitchhiking, violence in relationships) and determine how to seek assistance;
  • Identify support services (e.g., guidance department, social workers, shelters, Kid’s Help Hot Line) that can assist victims of violence, and explain how to access them;

 

Language

 

Grade 6

Reading

  • read a variety of fiction and non-fiction materials (e.g., novels, short stories, poetry, myths, articles) for different purposes;
  • read aloud, showing understanding of the material and awareness of the audience;
    read independently, selecting appropriate reading strategies;
  • explain their interpretation of a written work, supporting it with evidence from the work and from their own knowledge and experience;
  • decide on a specific purpose for reading, and select the material that they need from a variety of appropriate sources;
  • understand the vocabulary and language structures appropriate for this grade level;
  • use conventions of written materials to help them understand and use the materials.

Writing

  • communicate ideas and information for a variety of purposes (to inform, to persuade, to explain) and to specific audiences (e.g., write the instructions for building an electrical circuit for an audience unfamiliar with the technical terminology);
  • use writing for various purposes and in a range of contexts, including school work (e.g., to develop and clarify ideas, to express thoughts and opinions);
  • organize information to convey a central idea, using well-linked paragraphs;
    produce pieces of writing using a variety of forms (e.g., newspaper articles, lyrics, summaries of information), techniques and resources (e.g., library resources) appropriate to the form and purpose, and materials from other media (e.g., film clips);
  • produce media texts using writing and materials from other media (e.g., create a web page publicizing a cycling club);
  • revise and edit their work in collaboration with others, seeking and evaluating feedback, and focusing on content, organization, and appropriateness of vocabulary for audience;
  • proofread and correct their final drafts, focusing on grammar, punctuation, spelling, and conventions of style;
  • use and spell correctly the vocabulary appropriate for this grade level;
  • use correctly the conventions (spelling, grammar, punctuation, etc.) specified for this grade level (see below).


Oral and Visual Communication

  • make reports, describe and explain a course of action, and follow detailed instructions;
    ask and answer questions to obtain and clarify information;
  • communicate a main idea about a topic and describe a sequence of events;
  • express and respond to a range of ideas and opinions concisely, clearly, and appropriately;
  • contribute and work constructively in groups;
  • demonstrate the ability to concentrate by identifying main points and staying on topic;
  • identify the main types of media works and the most characteristic techniques used in them;
  • analyse media works;
  • create a variety of media works;
  • use the conventions (e.g., sentence structure) of oral language, and of the various media, that are appropriate to the grade


Grade 7

Reading

  • read a variety of fiction and non-fiction materials (e.g., novels, short stories, poetry, reports, articles) for different purposes;
  • read aloud, showing understanding of the material and awareness of the audience;
  • read independently, selecting appropriate reading strategies;
  • explain their interpretation of a written work, supporting it with evidence from the work and from their own knowledge and experience;
  • decide on a specific purpose for reading, and select the material that they need from a variety of appropriate sources;
  • understand the vocabulary and language structures appropriate for this grade level;
  • use conventions of written materials to help them understand and use the materials.


Writing

  • communicate ideas and information for a variety of purposes (to outline an argument, to report on observations) and to specific audiences, using forms appropriate for their purpose and topic (e.g., write a lab report for an audience familiar with the scientific terminology);
  • use writing for various purposes and in a range of contexts, including school work (e.g., to make point-form notes from a text, to jot down personal impressions);
  • organize information to develop a central idea, using well-linked and well-developed paragraphs;
    use a variety of sentence types and sentence structures, and sentences of varying length;
  • produce pieces of writing using a variety of forms (e.g., descriptive, narrative, and expository compositions), techniques and resources appropriate to the form and purpose, and materials from other media (e.g., diagrams, illustrations);
  • produce media texts using writing and materials from other media (e.g., a poster inviting members of the community to a school play; a multi-media presentation on an assigned topic);
  • revise and edit their work, focusing on content and elements of style (e.g., diction), independently and in collaboration with others;
  • proofread and correct their final drafts, focusing on grammar, punctuation, spelling, and conventions of style;
  • use and spell correctly the vocabulary appropriate for this grade level;
  • use correctly the conventions (spelling, grammar, punctuation, etc.) specified for this grade level .


Oral and Visual Communication

  • use instructions and explanations to plan and organize work;
  • ask questions and discuss different aspects of ideas in order to clarify their thinking;
  • listen to and communicate related ideas, and narrate real and fictional events in a sequence;
  • express and respond to a range of ideas and opinions concisely, clearly, and appropriately;
  • contribute and work constructively in groups;
  • demonstrate the ability to concentrate by identifying main points and staying on topic;
  • identify various types of media works and a variety of the techniques used in them;
  • analyse and interpret media works;
  • create a variety of media works;
  • use the conventions (e.g., sentence structure) of oral language, and of the various media, that are appropriate to the grade (see below).


Grade 8

Reading

  • read a variety of fiction and non-fiction materials (e.g., novels, short stories, poetry, essays, articles) for different purposes;
  • read aloud, showing understanding of the material and awareness of the audience;
    read independently, selecting appropriate reading strategies;
  • explain their interpretation of a written work, supporting it with evidence from the work and from their own knowledge and experience;
  • decide on a specific purpose for reading, and select the material that they need from a variety of appropriate sources;
  • understand the vocabulary and language structures appropriate for this grade level;
  • use conventions of written materials to help them understand and use the materials.


Writing

  • communicate ideas and information for a variety of purposes (to evaluate information, to compare points of view) and to specific audiences, using forms appropriate for their purpose (e.g., a survey soliciting opinions on an environmental issue) and features appropriate to the form (e.g., focused questions);
  • use writing for various purposes and in a range of contexts, including school work (e.g., to write technical instructions, to clarify personal concerns, to explore social issues, to develop imaginative abilities);
    organize information and ideas creatively as well as logically, using paragraph structures
  • appropriate for their purpose (e.g., paragraphs structured to develop a comparison or establish a cause-and-effect relationship);
  • produce pieces of writing using a variety of specific forms (e.g., a script for a play), techniques and resources appropriate to the form and purpose, and materials from other media (e.g., lighting effects);
  • produce media texts using writing and materials from other media (e.g., a video documentary on an environmental issue);
  • revise and edit their work, focusing on content and on more complex elements of style (e.g., imagery), independently or using feedback from others;
  • proofread and correct their final drafts, focusing on grammar, spelling, punctuation, and conventions of style;
  • use and spell correctly the vocabulary appropriate for this grade level;
  • use correctly the conventions (grammar, spelling, punctuation, etc.) specified for this grade level


Oral and Visual Communication

  • provide clear answers to questions and well-constructed explanations or instructions in classroom work;
    listen attentively to organize and classify information and to clarify thinking;
  • listen to and communicate connected ideas and relate carefully-constructed narratives about real and fictional events;
  • express and respond to a range of ideas and opinions concisely, clearly, and appropriately;
    contribute and work constructively in groups;
  • demonstrate the ability to concentrate by identifying main points and staying on topic;
  • identify a wide range of media works and describe the techniques used in them;
  • analyse and interpret media works;
  • create media works of some technical complexity

 

Social Studies/History & Geography (2004)

 

Social Studies is only one content area where literacy skills are actively used, practised, promoted and enhanced. This performance task begins with Preparatory Activities for the student not only to orient the student with the context for the task, but also give the teacher and the student good reading references and strategies that are related to the development of the concepts involved in the tasks.


Grade 6 Heritage and Citizenship: First Nation Peoples and European Explorers

Knowledge and Understanding

  • describe the expansion of European influence through the founding of the first trading posts (e.g., Île Ste Croix, Port Royal, Québec, Mont Royal, Fort William) and explain how the fur trade served the interests of both the Europeans and the First Nation peoples;
  • identify the results of contact for both the Europeans and the First Nation peoples (e.g., sharing of beliefs, knowledge, and skills; intermarriage; trading alliances and conflicts; impact of European diseases on First Nation peoples; impact of fur trade on natural resources such as beaver populations).


Inquiry/Research and Communication Skills

  • formulate questions with a statement of purpose to develop research plans (e.g., Why did Cartier kidnap Donnacona and his sons? What was the role of First Nation women in the fur trade?);
  • select relevant resources and identify their point of view (e.g., recognize the historical context of Cartier's logbook; recognize bias in Champlain's drawing and descriptions of Mohawk villages);
  • identify and explain differing opinions about the positive and negative effects of early contact between European and First Nation peoples (e.g., growth of First Nation peoples' dependency on trade goods;
  • mpact of the fur trade on the economy and environment; effect of attempts to convert the Huron Nation to Christianity);

Application

  • explain how differences between First Nation peoples and early European explorers led to conflicts between the two groups (e.g., lack of common language, differing world views and spiritual beliefs, introduction of European diseases, differing views about property ownership);
  • express their personal viewpoints, based on historical evidence, about the outcomes of early contact between First Nation peoples and early European explorers (e.g., report on the origins and challenges of the Métis Nation; use a storyboard to show the events leading to the establishment and destruction of Ste-Marie-Among-the-Hurons; present the results of an Internet search on a specific Hudson's Bay Company or North West Company trading post).
  • identify some present-day issues concerning First Nation peoples that relate to results of early contact (e.g., the effect of new technologies on First Nation cultures; land claims);

Grade 7 History –British North America

Knowledge and Understanding

  • explain the historical impact of key events on the settlement of British North America (e.g., the Treaty of Paris, the Quebec Act, the American Revolution);
  • describe the different groups of people (e.g., Black Loyalists, slaves, indentured servants, Iroquois allied nations, Maritime Loyalists) who took part in the Loyalists' migration and identify their areas of settlement;
  • outline the reasons for the early settlement of English Canada (e.g., as an outcome of the American Revolution);

Inquiry/Research and Communication Skills

  • use a variety of primary and secondary sources to locate relevant information about how early settlers met the challenges of the new land (e.g., primary sources: artefacts, journals, letters, statistics, field trips, interviews, period documents and maps; secondary sources: maps, illustrations, print materials, videos, CD-ROMs, Internet sites);
  • communicate the results of inquiries for specific purposes and audiences, using media works, oral presentations, written notes and reports, drawings, tables, charts, and graphs (e.g., conduct a historical demonstration of immigrants coming to the Canadas);


Application

  • prepare and present a biographical sketch of a historical person from the period 1759-1812 (e.g., a Loyalist, Laura Secord, Isaac Brock, Tecumseh, Thomas Peters).
    Grade 8 History – The Development of Western Canada

By the end of Grade 7, students will:

Knowledge and Understanding

  • explain the factors that led to the settlement of the Canadian west (e.g., federal government policy of opening up the prairies for European settlement, protective tariffs, railroad construction);
  • describe the causes and results of the Red River Rebellion of 1869-70 and the North-West Rebellion of 1885 and explain the role of key individuals and groups (e.g., Louis Riel, Gabriel Dumont, the North-West Mounted Police, Thomas Scott, Big Bear, Poundmaker, General Wolseley, Catherine Schubert);

Inquiry/Research and Communication Skills

  • use a variety of primary and secondary sources to locate relevant information about the building of the railway, the settling of the land, and social and cultural life in the developing west (e.g., primary sources: photographs of Chinese labourers and prairie sodbusters, the poetry of Robert W. Service; secondary sources: maps, illustrations, print materials, videos, CD-ROMs, Internet sites);
  • describe and analyse conflicting points of view about a historical event (e.g., the Pacific Scandal, the hanging of Louis Riel, the imprisonment of Big Bear);


Mathematics (1998)

 

Mathematics

Grade 6 Data Management and Probability Strand

Collecting and Organizing Data

  • design surveys, organize the data into self-selected categories and ranges, and record the data on spreadsheets or tally charts;
    Analysing Data
  • evaluate and explore how data were collected and how the results represent the population;
    make inferences and convincing arguments based on the analysis of tables, charts, and graphs;
    Concluding and Reporting
  • recognize that different types of graphs can present the same data differently (e.g., a circle graph will show the relationship between the data and a part of the data, a bar graph will show the relationship between separate parts of the data);


Grade 7 Data Management and Probability Strand

Collecting and Organizing Data

  • collect and organize data on tally charts and stem-and-leaf plots, and display data on frequency tables, using simple data collected by the students (primary data) and more complex data collected by someone else (secondary data);
    Analysing Data
  • describe in their own words information presented on tally charts, stem-and-leaf plots, and frequency tables;
  • use conventional symbols, titles, and labels when displaying data;
    Concluding and Reporting
  • display data on bar graphs, pictographs, and circle graphs, with and without the help of technology;
    make inferences and convincing arguments that are based on data analysis (e.g., use census information to predict whether the population in Canada will increase);

 

Visual Arts

 

Visual Arts

Grade 6

  • produce two- and three-dimensional works of art (i.e., works involving media and techniques used in drawing, painting, sculpting, printmaking) that communicate a range of thoughts, feelings, and ideas for specific purposes and to specific audiences (e.g., create a sculpture out of clay that shows a figure engaged in a typical pioneer activity);
    Grade 7
  • produce two- and three-dimensional works of art (i.e., works involving media and techniques used in drawing, painting, sculpting, printmaking) that communicate a range of thoughts, feelings, and experiences for specific purposes and to specific audiences (e.g., create a mask from "found" materials to celebrate the coming of spring);
    Grade 8
  • produce two- and three-dimensional works of art (i.e., works involving media and techniques used in drawing, painting, sculpting, printmaking) that communicate a range of thoughts, feelings, and experiences for specific purposes and to specific audiences (e.g., create an illustration for a children's book, using pen and ink and water colour washes);
  • describe, in their plan for a work of art, the main idea they wish to communicate and the artistic decisions they have made to support that message;

 

Catholic Themes

 
Dignity of the Human Person
Created in the image and likeness of God, all human life is sacred and all people have dignity. Human persons do not lose dignity because of gender, disability, poverty, age, or race.
 
Community and the Common Good
The human person realizes dignity and rights in relationship with others, in community. "We are one body; when one suffers, we all suffer." We are called to respect each other and work for the good of others, the common good.
 
Preferential Option for the Poor and Vulnerable
The God of Jesus Christ is above all a God who cares for the poor and marginalized. A distinctly Catholic perspective on the world maintains that we can measure the quality of any society by the way its most poor and vulnerable are treated.
 
Human Rights and Responsibilities
Catholic teaching on the dignity of the person and the common good imply that all people have a fundamental right to life, food, shelter, health care, education and employment. They have a right to participate in decisions that affect their lives. Corresponding to this is the duty to respect the rights of others in the wider society and promote the Reign of God.
 

Dignity of Work and Service
The Catholic Church teaches that human persons realize themselves in work. The economy exists to serve people, not the other way around. Workers have the right to: meaningful work; safe working conditions; participation in decision making processes which affect their work; security in case of sickness, disability, unemployment or old age; and the right to form unions.

 
Stewardship for Creation
God’s creation is a sacred gift, entrusted to our care. This value has deep biblical roots in both the Hebrew and Christian scriptures. Those “who practice stewardship recognize God as the origin of life, the given of freedom and the source of all they have and are and will be. They know themselves to be recipients and caretakers of God’s many gifts. They are grateful for what they have received and eager to cultivate their gifts out of love for God and one another.
 
Love and Justice
A necessary condition for Jesus’ command of love of neighbour is justice. Charity must manifest itself in actions and structures that must respect human dignity, protect human rights and facilitate human development. To promote justice is to transform the structures that block love. Action of behalf of justice is not an option but a constitutive dimension of the Gospel.
 
Peace
Peace is the work of justice and the result of love. Much more than the absence of conflict, it speaks of a harmony or shalom which is fundamental to God’s original vision for all of creation.
 
Hope
Hope is that virtue by which we take responsibility both for ourselves and for the world. It is rooted in the fulfillment of God’s promises in Christ.
 
Faith
“Faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen.”(Hebrews 11:1) The gift of faith assures us of God’s steadfast and abiding love. At the same time, it is a reasoned assent to revealed truth.
 
Mystery, Wonder and Awe
When the finitude of our human nature is confronted by the infinite nature of our God, our responses may be as inspired as they may be humbling. Yet humanity is called into an intimate and loving relationship with our Creator. While we may lack a complete understanding of that relationship, nonetheless the experience always presents an opportunity for celebration.
 
 

This task supports the selected Catholic Theme(s) in the following specific ways:

  • Here
  • and here

 

Ontario Catholic Graduate Expectations

PDF version | Flash version

 
a discerning believer formed in the Catholic Faith community who celebrates the signs and sacred mystery of God's presence through word, sacrament, prayer, forgiveness, reflection, and moral living.
 
an effective communicator who speaks, writes and listens honestly and sensitively, responding critically in the light of gospel values.
 
a reflective, creative and holistic thinker who solves problems and makes responsible decisions with an informed moral conscience for the common good.
 
a self-directed, responsible, lifelong learner who develops and demonstrates their God-given potential.
 
a collaborative contributor who finds meaning, dignity and vocation in work which respects the rights of all and contributes to the common good.
 
a caring family member who attends to family, school, parish, and the wider community.
 
a responsible citizen who gives witness to Catholic social teaching by promoting peace, justice, and the sacredness of human life.

This task supports the selected Catholic Theme(s) in the following specific ways:

  • Here
  • and here

 

Choices into Action (online version)

Interpersonal Development

Self Management
Demonstrate the skills and knowledge necessary to manager their own behaviour (e.g., self control, the role of emotions, anger management)”

Getting along with others
describe the many aspects of relationships and explain and demonstrate how conflict resolution skills and peer helping skills are used to interact positively with others in school settings and in the wider community.”

Social Responsibility
demonstrate social responsibility both at school and the community (e.g., intervene with students, act as a reading or editing buddy).”

 

Learning Skills

The learning skills identified below are highlighted in this task and represent practical links for tracking student achievement and for connecting learning to the guidance and career education program..

homework completion
initiative
class participation
cooperation with others
conflict resolution
goal setting
independent work
use of information
problem solving

 

 

 

Exemplars and Student Products

 

With your assistance, we hope to add samples of student work to this space. If you have photos of students at work, or would like to share samples that your students have produced, please contact Rodd Lucier vie email (r.lucier@ldcsb.on.ca) or telephone (519-663-2088 ext. 2520)

In order to publish samples of student work, the RPT Permission to Publish form must be completed and forwarded for filing. View completed sample.

Ontario Ministry of Education Grade 7 & Grade 8 History/Geography exemplars.

With your assistance, we hope to add samples of student work to this space. If you have photos of students at work, or would like to share samples of student work from this task, please contact the Science & Technology Curriculum Resource Teacher for the London District Catholic School Board at 519-663-2088 ext. 2520

 

 

 

Community Involvement


Wherever possible, Rich Performance Tasks have 'Real World' connections. By engaging participants from the school and wider community, we can create experiences for students that are authentic and highly motivating.

In presenting your students with a Rich Performance Task, you may choose to invite the participation of family and community members. For this task in particular, here are some suggestions for how to provide 'real world' connections for your students and the community:

1] Is there an occupation that lends itself to natural exploration with this task?

2] Is there a presentation component inthis task? Do you have community members who might be interested in being a part of a real world audience?

3] Are there opporunities for community members to assist in providing materials to help make your project more authentic?

 

 

 

 

Publication & Copyright Details

Last updated on June 29, 2005

Keywords: grade 6, grade 7, grade 8, teacher, rich performance task, RPT, assessment, catholic graduate expectations, designing a task, social studies, religion, family life, bullying, cyber-bullying, public service announcment, authentic product, ...